Ethiopia, 1977 AD., People's Democratic Republic, FAO issue, 1 Santeem, KM 43.3.
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Ethiopia, People's Democratic Republic - Derg era (1974–91), FAO issue, engraver: Stuart Devlin, Franklin Mint (Exton, PA, USA) ?, dated in Amharic 1969 (1977 AD.),
1 Santeem (ø 17 mm / 0,57 g), aluminium, 0,6 g. theor. mint weight, mintage ? , axes medal alignment ↑↑ (0°), plain edge,
Obv.: ኢትዮጵያ / á²á±á»á·á± , ("Ethiopia / 1969"), emblem of Ethiopia: lion head (large) facing right, date below.
Rev.: 1 / አንድ:ሳንቲሠ, ("1 / Santeem"), front view of a team of two oxen pulling a plow in front of farmer with a whip.
KM 43.3 .
Year (AD.) / Mint Mark / Mintage
1969 (1977) 35,034,000 á²á±á»á·á± KM 43.1 (Small lion head right, uniform chin whiskers)
1969 (1977) á²á±á»á·á± KM 43.2 (Small lion head right, two long chin whiskers at left nearly touch date)
1969 (1977) FM á²á±á»á·á± KM 43.3 (Large lion head right)
1969 (1977) FM 12,000 á²á±á»á·á± KM 43.3 (Large lion head right) Proof
1996 (2004) á²á±á»áºá® KM 43.3 (Large lion head)
1997 (2005) á²á±á»áºá¯ KM 43.3 (Large lion head right)
Haile Selassie's reign came to an end on 12 September 1974, when a Soviet-backed Marxist–Leninist military dictatorship, the "Derg" led by Mengistu Haile Mariam, deposed him. The new Provisional Military Administrative Council established a one-party communist state which was called People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia in March 1975.
The ensuing regime suffered several coups, uprisings, wide-scale drought, and a huge refugee problem. In 1977, Somalia, which had been receiving assistance and arms from the USSR invaded Ethiopia in the Ogaden War, capturing part of the Ogaden region. Ethiopia recovered it after it began receiving massive military aid from the USSR, Cuba, South Yemen, East Germany, and North Korea. This included around 15,000 Cuban combat troops.
Up to 500,000 were killed as a result of the Red Terror, from forced deportations, or from the use of hunger as a weapon under Mengistu's rule. The Red Terror was carried out in response to what the government termed the "White Terror", a supposed chain of violent events, assassinations and killings attributed to the opposition.
The 1983–85 famine in Ethiopia affected around eight million people, resulting in one million dead. Insurrections against Communist rule sprang up, particularly in the northern regions of Tigray and Eritrea. In 1989, the Tigrayan People's Liberation Front (TPLF) merged with other ethnically based opposition movements to form the coalition known as the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF).
The People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) was the official name of Ethiopia from 1987 to 1991, as established by the Communist government of Mengistu Haile Mariam and the Workers' Party of Ethiopia (WPE). Its creation led to the dissolution of the Derg, the military junta formerly in charge of the country. A socialist one-party state with the WPE as supreme authority, took its place, though the WPE's leadership was dominated by the surviving members of the Derg.
More on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia , https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Democratic_Republic_of_Ethiopia
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