India, Punjab region, Sikh Confederacy ?, 1747 AD., Temple Token.
India, Punjab region, Sikh Confederacy (1716–1799) ?, dated VS 1804 = 1747 AD.,
Temple Token (ø 28-29 mm / 9,97 g), brass, axes irregular alignment ↑→ (ca. 80°), cast,
Obv.: "SAT KARTAR" / १८०४ , nimbate Guru (Nanak Ji or Govind Singh) seated with sword hanging from waist, "SAT KARTAR" written in Nagari on top on either side of the halo'ed head, VS date 1804 written in Nagari script in exergue, a peacock sitting on a friezed balcony to the left with plumed feathers hanging down.
Rev.: Guru Nanak Ji sitting below a tree, water-pot (kamandla) and a pair of 'Khadau' (wooden slippers) in front, flanked by Bhai Mardana to the left playing the 'rabab' (string instrument) and Bhai Bala to the left holding a 'chowrie' (fly whisk). Scratch at center.
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Year / Production
१८०४ (VS 1804 = 1747 AD.) / ?
The token depicts the founder of the Sikh faith, Guru Nanak (AD 1469-1539). Guru Nanak taught his followers to have faith in the one true God and encouraged them to worship and recite the name of God.
On the Obverse it shows Guruji sitting alone. On top is written SAT KARTAR meaning Only the name of the Lord (Kartar) is True.
On the reverse of the token he is shown seated under a tree between two of his companions. Bhai Mardana, a Muslim, is seated on the left playing a rabab (stringed musical instrument) whilst Bhai Bala, a Hindu, is on the right holding a chowri (fly-whisk). The principle of equality of men, promoted by Guru Nanak throughout his life, is represented by showing members of the different faiths sitting together.
There is also a belief that the single figure on Obverse depicts Guru Govind Singh (the 10th and last Sikh Guru) due to the presence of the sword hanging from the waist and halo around the head. Guru Govind Singh died in 1708 AD hence this token (dated VS 1804 or AD 1747) would then seem to logically commemorate the first and last Sikh Guru.