Spain, Fernando V. and Isabella, Toledo mint imitation, 2 Excelentes reproduction, dated 1970 AD., cf. Cayón 2946.

Spain, Fernando V. and Isabella (Reyes Catolicos, 1476-1516), modern reproduction imitating the Toledo mint, dated MCMLXX (1970 AD.), genuine pieces struch ca. 1497-1504 AD.,
2 Excelentes ("Doble Excelente") reproduction (ø 30 mm / 10,31 g), brass, axes medal alignment ↑↑ (0°), plain edge, (genuine pieces weight ca. 7,0 g. gold),
Obv.: + FERNANDVS : ET : ELISABET : D : GRA : REX : ET : RE : , the effigies of the royal couple: their crowned busts facing - Bustos afrontados.
Rev.: SUBUMBRA : MCMLXX : TUARUM : PROTG / + - T , eagle, spread wings, facing left behind crowned shield of arms, cross of five dots and mint mark T flanking in lower fields - El escudo de los Reyes Católicos, Cruz de cinco puntas - T flanqueando el escudo. (genuine pieces show the legend: "SVBVNBRA : ALARVNTVARVN : PROT : GE." - sub umbra alarum tuarum proteges me - "hide me under the shadow of thy wings" , Bible quote, Psalms 16:8)
for genuine pieces cf.: Cal. 97 ; - Fr. 130 ; - Cayon 2946 .

Since 1479 Ferdinand and Isabel ruled the Kingdoms of Castile and Aragón jointly. Castile-León and Aragón were independent countries so that after unification in 1479 their currencies had to be adjusted. Ferdinand introduced the Venetian type of the ducat (3,5 g. gold) in 1483.
In 1497 the monetary reform "Real pragmática de Medina del Campo" was implemented in Castile: Only seven mints remained operating (Burgos, Cuenca, Granada, Sevilla, Toledo, Coruña, Segovia). No seigniorage was intended. For the first time, mintmarks and an assayer's marks on coins were prescribed. The Real in silver (3,24 g.) and the Excelente in gold (3,5 g.) as well as their multiples and partitions were introduced. The mintage of the renowned thaler-like 8-Reales-pieces (~27 g.) began later but perfectly fitted into this monetary system. They were used for trade throughout the world for several centuries.