Arminius Numismatics

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Galerie > Medieval to Contemporary > Europe > Poland > Poland
1917 AD., Kingdom of Poland, German Occupation WWI, Polska Krajowa Kasa, 20 Polish Marek, World Paper Money P-4. A 3401127 Reverse
State: Kingdom of Poland, German Occupation WWI
Issuer: Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa (the Polish Loan Bank)
Location of issue: Warsaw / Warszawa
Date of issue: 9.12.1916 AD., 
Value: 20 Polish Marek
Size: 148 x 98 mm
Material: paper 
Watermark: 
Serial : A
Serial no. : 3401127
Signatures:   (3)
Printer: Reichsdruckerei, Berlin (Germany)
Obv.:   /   /   / …. , arms: crowned White Eagle of Poland on a red field. Title on front reads "Zarząd jenerał-gubernatorstwa ..."
Rev.:  /   /   / …. , female heads flanking value at center. 
References: World Paper Money P-4 ; Rosenberg R-444 .  

The Kingdom of Poland (Polish: Królestwo Polskie, German: Königreich Polen), also known informally as the Regency Kingdom of Poland (Polish: Królestwo Regencyjne), was a short-lived polity and client state of the German Empire during World War I. It was situated within the Government General of Warsaw. Following the Armistice of 11 November 1918 signed by the Allies with imperial Germany, which ended World War I, the area became part of the nascent Second Polish Republic. 
More on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1917–1918)    

The marka (Polish: marka polska, Polish mark, abbreviated mp, Polish-language plural declensions: marki, marek) was the currency of the Kingdom of Poland and of the Republic of Poland between 1917 and 1924. It was subdivided into 100 fenigs (a Polish spelling of German "pfennig"), much like its German original after which it was modeled.
During the World War I, in 1915, after defeating the Russians, the Central Powers occupied the whole territory of the former Congress Poland and appointed two Governors General: a German (Hans Hartwig von Beseler) in Warsaw and an Austro-Hungarian (Karl Kuk ) in Lublin. The civil administration of the country was laid into the hands of imported German (mostly Prussian) and Austrian (mostly Polish) officials. Four currencies circulated: the Russian ruble, the German Papiermark, the German Ostruble and the Austro-Hungarian krone. On December 9 the following year, after consultations with the Austrians, the chief of the German Administration, Wolfgang von Kries proclaimed the foundation of a new bank, called the Polish Loan Bank (Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa) and the creation of a new currency unit, the marka, equivalent to the German mark. The stability of the new currency was guaranteed by the German Reichsbank up to the amount of 1 billion mark.
In 1917 new coins (1, 5, 10 and 20 fenigs) and banknotes (½, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 markas) were introduced and started to replace all the previously-used currencies. All the banknotes were white with the White Eagle of Poland on a red field. At the time of the Armistice of November 11, 1918, 880 million markas were already in circulation. The new Polish government decided to retain the marka as currency and to allow the Loan Bank to continue operating. The following year the German-made banknotes were replaced in circulation with new ones. These featured Polish historical motifs. The notes of 1, 10 and 500 markas displayed a picture of Queen Jadwiga, the notes of 5, 10, 100 and 1000 markas showed Tadeusz Kościuszko. 
By 1922 a period of truly ruinous inflation began. Early in 1924, financial reforms devised by politician and economist Władysław Grabski were instituted. The Bank Polski was proclaimed as the new central bank of Poland. The marka was exchanged for a new, gold-based currency, the złoty, at the rate of 1,800,000 markas to 1 złoty. One American dollar was then worth 5.18 złotys—or 9,324,000 Polish markas. 
More on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_marka     



Schlüsselwörter: Kingdom Poland German Occupation WWI Polska Krajowa Kasa Polish Marka Loan Bank Warsaw paper Reichsdruckerei Berlin Germany crown eagle female head

1917 AD., Kingdom of Poland, German Occupation WWI, Polska Krajowa Kasa, 20 Polish Marek, World Paper Money P-4. A 3401127 Reverse

State: Kingdom of Poland, German Occupation WWI
Issuer: Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa (the Polish Loan Bank)
Location of issue: Warsaw / Warszawa
Date of issue: 9.12.1916 AD.,
Value: 20 Polish Marek
Size: 148 x 98 mm
Material: paper
Watermark:
Serial : A
Serial no. : 3401127
Signatures: (3)
Printer: Reichsdruckerei, Berlin (Germany)
Obv.: / / / …. , arms: crowned White Eagle of Poland on a red field. Title on front reads "Zarząd jenerał-gubernatorstwa ..."
Rev.: / / / …. , female heads flanking value at center.
References: World Paper Money P-4 ; Rosenberg R-444 .

The Kingdom of Poland (Polish: Królestwo Polskie, German: Königreich Polen), also known informally as the Regency Kingdom of Poland (Polish: Królestwo Regencyjne), was a short-lived polity and client state of the German Empire during World War I. It was situated within the Government General of Warsaw. Following the Armistice of 11 November 1918 signed by the Allies with imperial Germany, which ended World War I, the area became part of the nascent Second Polish Republic.
More on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1917–1918)

The marka (Polish: marka polska, Polish mark, abbreviated mp, Polish-language plural declensions: marki, marek) was the currency of the Kingdom of Poland and of the Republic of Poland between 1917 and 1924. It was subdivided into 100 fenigs (a Polish spelling of German "pfennig"), much like its German original after which it was modeled.
During the World War I, in 1915, after defeating the Russians, the Central Powers occupied the whole territory of the former Congress Poland and appointed two Governors General: a German (Hans Hartwig von Beseler) in Warsaw and an Austro-Hungarian (Karl Kuk ) in Lublin. The civil administration of the country was laid into the hands of imported German (mostly Prussian) and Austrian (mostly Polish) officials. Four currencies circulated: the Russian ruble, the German Papiermark, the German Ostruble and the Austro-Hungarian krone. On December 9 the following year, after consultations with the Austrians, the chief of the German Administration, Wolfgang von Kries proclaimed the foundation of a new bank, called the Polish Loan Bank (Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa) and the creation of a new currency unit, the marka, equivalent to the German mark. The stability of the new currency was guaranteed by the German Reichsbank up to the amount of 1 billion mark.
In 1917 new coins (1, 5, 10 and 20 fenigs) and banknotes (½, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 markas) were introduced and started to replace all the previously-used currencies. All the banknotes were white with the White Eagle of Poland on a red field. At the time of the Armistice of November 11, 1918, 880 million markas were already in circulation. The new Polish government decided to retain the marka as currency and to allow the Loan Bank to continue operating. The following year the German-made banknotes were replaced in circulation with new ones. These featured Polish historical motifs. The notes of 1, 10 and 500 markas displayed a picture of Queen Jadwiga, the notes of 5, 10, 100 and 1000 markas showed Tadeusz Kościuszko.
By 1922 a period of truly ruinous inflation began. Early in 1924, financial reforms devised by politician and economist Władysław Grabski were instituted. The Bank Polski was proclaimed as the new central bank of Poland. The marka was exchanged for a new, gold-based currency, the złoty, at the rate of 1,800,000 markas to 1 złoty. One American dollar was then worth 5.18 złotys—or 9,324,000 Polish markas.
More on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_marka


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Datei-Information
Dateiname:SamlNg695rsst.jpg
Name des Albums:Arminius / Poland
Schlüsselwörter:Kingdom / Poland / German / Occupation / WWI / Polska / Krajowa / Kasa / Polish / Marka / Loan / Bank / Warsaw / paper / Reichsdruckerei / Berlin / Germany / crown / eagle / female / head
Dateigröße:764 KB
Hinzugefügt am:%29. %344 %2021
Abmessungen:1920 x 1263 Pixel
Angezeigt:1 mal
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