2017 AD., Germany, Federal Republic, 500th anniversary of Protestant Reformation commemorative, Berlin mint, 20 Euro.

Germany, Federal Republic, 500th anniversary of Protestant Reformation commemorative, engraver: Patrick Niesel, Berlin mint, 2017 AD.,
20 Euro (ø 32,5 mm / 18,03 g), 0.925 silver, 18,00 g theor. mint weight, mintage ?, axes medal alignment ↑↑, plain, incuse lettered edge,
Obv.: 2017 – A - BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND / 20 / EURO / SILBER 925 , issuer, date, mint mark, silver content and value around German coat of arms (eagle), 12 stars to left.
Rev.: 500 JAHRE REFORMATION / PN // AMO.. / ueritatis haec… / R.P.Martino ... / … , portrait of Martin Luther from 1529 by Lucas Cranach sen., the beginning of his Ninety-five Martin Luther to r., engraver´s initials at left edge of portrait.
Edge: plain with incuse inscription "HIER STEHE ICH . ICH KANN NICHT ANDERS * " (translated: "Here i stand, i cannot do otherwise * ").
Ref. ? .

Year / Mint Mark / Mintage
2017 / A / ?
2017 / A / ? (proof)

The Reformation (from Latin reformatio, literally "restoration, renewal"), also referred to as the Protestant Reformation and the European Reformation, was a schism from the Roman Catholic Church initiated by Martin Luther and continued by John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and other early Protestant Reformers in 16th century Europe. The period is usually considered to have begun with the publication of the Ninety-five Theses by Luther in 1517 to the Thirty Years' War and ended with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.

Although there had been significant earlier attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church before Luther – such as those of Jan Hus, Peter Waldo, and John Wycliffe – Martin Luther is widely acknowledged to have started the Reformation with his 1517 work The Ninety-Five Theses. Luther began by criticizing the sale of indulgences, insisting that the Pope had no authority over purgatory and that the Catholic doctrine of the merits of the saints had no foundation in the gospel. The Protestant position, however, would come to incorporate doctrinal changes such as sola scriptura and sola fide. The core motivation behind these changes was theological, though many other factors played a part, including the rise of nationalism, the Western Schism that eroded faith in the Papacy, the perceived corruption of the Roman Curia, the impact of humanism, and the new learning of the Renaissance that questioned much traditional thought.

The initial movement within Germany diversified, and other reform impulses arose independently of Luther. The spread of Gutenberg's printing press provided the means for the rapid dissemination of religious materials in the vernacular. The largest groups were the Lutherans and Calvinists. Lutheran churches were founded mostly in Germany, the Baltics and Scandinavia, while the Reformed ones were founded in Switzerland, Hungary, France, the Netherlands and Scotland. The new movement influenced the Church of England decisively after 1547 under Edward VI and Elizabeth I, although the Church of England had been made independent under Henry VIII in the early 1530s.

There were also reformation movements throughout continental Europe known as the Radical Reformation, which gave rise to the Anabaptist, Moravian and other Pietistic movements. Radical Reformers, besides forming communities outside state sanction, often employed more extreme doctrinal change, such as the rejection of the tenets of the late antique councils of Nicaea and Chalcedon.

The Roman Catholic Church responded with a Counter-Reformation initiated by the Council of Trent. Much work in battling Protestantism was done by the well-organised new order of the Jesuits. In general, Northern Europe, with the exception of most of Ireland, came under the influence of Protestantism. Southern Europe remained Roman Catholic, while Central Europe was a site of a fierce conflict, culminating in the Thirty Years' War, which left it devastated.

More on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformation